Credit: Lindsay D'Addato.

A great quick video by Vanessa Hill and BrainCraft about the psychology of me vs. you, us vs. them, "ingroups, outgroups, and social identity theory." Get ready to remember, in a nice way, that doing nice things for other people is good for you.

As to social identity theory, aka the entire oeuvre of Tom Wolfe: 

Social identity theory is best described as a theory that predicts certain intergroup behaviours on the basis of perceived group status differences, the perceived legitimacy and stability of those status differences, and the perceived ability to move from one group to another.

Related/unrelated: PBS Digital Studios is doing strong work with short video, like this crash course on the federal government's separation of powers.

Your Friday white paper: How ordinary people can become trolls.

Bridges connect places, people—and underneath them live trolls, slurping, snorting, enviously watching people go by. But where do trolls come from? 

Good (academic) reading in "Anyone Can Become a Troll: Causes of Trolling Behavior in Online Discussions," by Justin Cheng, Michael Bernstein, Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, Jure Leskovec.

A predictive model of trolling behavior shows that mood and discussion context together can explain trolling behavior better than an individual’s history of trolling. These results combine to suggest that ordinary people can, under the right circumstances, behave like trolls.

Feb 10, 2017

Humans have surveyed very little of our world, not even half of the sky and less than a fifth of the ocean floor. The VQR publishes a good story about the Aurora, a sixty-foot sloop exploring the shores of eastern Greenland, and other quests to map what's around us. 

If you could somehow drain the seas, scientists predict you’d see not sea monsters but a few volcanoes sprouting from an immense, flat floor, which is hundreds of thousands of hills covered by millennia of falling sediment.

(h/t the browser)

The problem is that travel writing, a form of writing about departures, about leaving the known in order to venture into the unknown, could become a stay-at-home genre.

Travel broadens the mind, reduces the gap between "us" and "them." But how about travel writing? Geoff Dyer says the form is eternal, is writing itself.
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Feb 10, 2017

Prisons in the Netherlands have a problem: a shortage of inmates

Too often we Americans forget prisons are supposed to be rehabilitative, that the vast majority of prisoners aren't monsters. Whereas, in Dutch-land:

About a third of Dutch prison cells sit empty, according to the Ministry of Justice. Criminologists attribute the situation to a spectacular fall in crime over the past two decades and an approach to law enforcement that prefers rehabilitation to incarceration.

“The Dutch have a deeply ingrained pragmatism when it comes to regulating law and order,” said René van Swaaningen, professor of criminology at Erasmus School of Law in Rotterdam, noting the country’s relatively liberal approach to “soft” drugs and prostitution. “Prisons are very expensive. Unlike the United States, where people tend to focus on the moral arguments for imprisonment, the Netherlands is more focused on what works and what is effective.”

Feb 10, 2017
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