Last Friday, a coordinated attack of unknown origin brought down a broad swath of the web, cutting down sites from Github to Spotify to Twitter. Unlike thieves who steal data, this hack—known as a DDOS attack—just brings down websites by crippling the reference service called DNS. It’s like ripping up the phonebook.

In this case, someone was able to shut down a company called Dyn by capturing a massive number of computers and directing them at Dyn all at once. Here are the gory details.

Over the past year or so, someone with a lot of resources appears to have been probing the capabilities of major web sites. In strategically targeting Dyn, the attack highlighted the surprisingly vulnerable centralization that remains at the heart of web architecture.

From the Radiolab vault: "Darkode," an episode with the story of a man who helped build botnets before turning his back on hacking. A botnet called Mirai was instrumental in Friday's attack.

ICANN's most politically contentious area of control is really cosmetic: it controls top-level domains, the postfixes on URLs. Because governments sit on its advisory committees, these domains are politically influenced. For example, Saudi Arabia was able to get .gay rejected. 

Perhaps the general internet user should have an ombudsman on that council, too. Tech reporters are passing around a 2008 memo that suggests that controlling tendency might go too far at times, entertaining the possibility of allowing domains with the same names as common file types.

I briefly pondered a future where ICANN takes an active role in policing internet security

Extremely briefly https://t.co/v3FyithLPU

— sarah jeong (@sarahjeong) October 22, 2016

The evidence is strong that “user confusion” would indeed result from URLs that look like filenames. The only case like this in operation is .zip, and it’s the internet’s shadiest neighborhood.